Traditional form of government:
Abasamia were ruled by “omwami wefumo” (the king of the spear). He was assisted by elders known as “abenengo”, i.e. the owners of the homes, who were his subordinates. The “abenengo” were usually appointed by their clansmen. The“abakhulundu bengongo” (the elders of the territories) presided over cases; they were appointed by their clans. The omwami could not be deposed; but he was usually reproached for misconduct. Succession was based on the principle of heredity. But the elders of the sub-tribe could reject the nominee of the reigning “omwami”. The youngest son was usually nominated.

The functions of “omwami” were to lead his troops in war and to help the people with food during the time of starvation. He was neither a rain-maker, a medicine man, a sacrificial priest nor a magician. His function was to keep the peace. He was rewarded with a cow, beer and elephant tusks in the event of a successful raid. He had personal servants and attendants. He was buried in a skin in a lying position. He wore a calf-hide cloak, a copper bracelet, a cowry-shell crown with the feather of the “isimbishira” bird in it, and brass bracelets on his legs

Changing cultures: The Samia have adapted into the Christian-type weddings